• Section I: Culture
    • Culture
    • Religion
    • History and Communication
  • Section II: Identity
    • Ethnicities & Identities
    • Gender Identity
  • Section III: Communication Style
    • Language: respect, direct/indirect, disclosure, explicit/implicit, literal/symbolic
    • Language: taboos, what not questioned, veracity, humor
    • Communication Rituals
  • Section IV: Communication Symbolism
    • Nonverbal Communication>
      • Why is Nonverbal Communication Important?
      • High and Low Context Cultures
      • Types of Nonverbal Cues
      • Understanding Cross-Cultural Nonverbal Communication
      • References
    • Cultural Spaces>
      • What is Cultural Space?
      • Territory, Power, and the Workplace
      • Response to Spatial Differences
      • Cultural Space and Gender
      • My Experience-Space
      • Cultural Space and Personal Space
    • Popular Culture>
      • Music
      • Television
      • Pop Culture Favorites From Effat University Students
  • Section V: Cultural Dimensions
    • Individualism-Collectivism
    • Uncertainty Avoidance Tolerance
    • Indulgence vs. Restraint>
      • Differences
      • Countries
      • SAUDIA ARABIA v. UNITED STATES
    • Power Distance
    • Long-term Orientation
  • Section VI: Relationships
    • Role of Family & Communication>
      • Family Culture and Family Structure
      • Family Collectivism
      • Strengths of the Saudi Arabian Family
    • Friendships>
      • What is Friendship?
      • Friendship in Saudi Arabia
      • 21st Century Friendship
  • Section VII: Challenges & Opportunities for Cross-Cultural Connection
    • Conflict
    • Social Media
    • Cultural Distance, Psychic Distance & Cultural Adaptation

THE SIXTH DIMENSION AROUND THE WORLD

Countries around the world are rated differently for the level of which they display indulgence and restraint.  For example, countries such as the two America's, Western Europe, and parts of the Sub-Sarah Africa are all on the high end of the spectrum for indulgence (Hofstede, G.).  Other countries, such as Eastern Europe, Asia, and Middle Eastern countries are higher on the restraint spectrum (Hofstede, G).  In addition, other countries, such as Mediterranean Europe, are thought of as neutral countries in the matter of indulgence and restraint (Hofstede, G.).  With that being said, however, it is important to understand that there are all factors that need to be considered, that this dimension is just a guide (Geert Hofstede and Cultural-Dimensions Theory -- An Overview).  Factors to consider are personality, family history, and personal wealth (Geert Hofsted and Cultural-Dimension Theory -- An Overview).
Please click the following link to see how countries around the world rate on the indulgence scale:

http://www.targetmap.com/viewer.aspx?reportId=6693






GEERT HOFSTEDE AND CULTURAL-DIMENSIONS THEORY—AN OVERVIEW. (n.d.). World Speaking. Retrieved December 10, 2012, from news.telelangue.com/en/2011/09/cultural-theory 

Hofstede, G. (2011). Dimensionalizing Cultures: The Hofstede Model in Context.  Online Readings in Psychology and Culture, Unit 2. Retrieved from http://schoolworks.gvsu.edu/orpc/vol2/iss1/8







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